@article {51,
	title = {From Insoluble Minerals to Liquid Fertilizers: Magnesite as a Source of Magnesium (Mg) Nutrient.},
	journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2016},
	note = {CAPLUS AN 2016:1416487(Journal; Online Computer File)},
	month = {2016},
	pages = {5404 - 5408},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	abstract = {The increase in human population necessitates a tremendous growth in crop prodn. while utilizing sustainable sources of plant nutrients.  Magnesium is an important plant nutrient with high crustal abundance, but the majority (98\%) is incorporated into the crystal lattice of very low soly. minerals, and thus directly unavailable to plants.  Here, we present a procedure based on Mg(NO3)2-Ca(NO3)2-NH4NO3-H2O quaternary phase diagram measurements that can be used to det. the soly. and corresponding crystn. temp. (Tcryst) of magnesium contg. minerals when dissolved in HNO3.  We use a known chem. compn., magnesite, as an example and utilize lab. expts. with model nitrate solns.  Accordingly, chem. compn. and nutrient (N, MgO, CaO) content can be obtained for aq. solns. with Tcryst of 0 {\textdegree}C for use as liq. fertilizers for any low soly. magnesium-contg. minerals (e.g., magnesite, dolomite, talc and serpentinite), abundant in Earth{\textquoteright}s crust but currently only sparingly used as slow release fertilizers. [on SciFinder(R)]},
	keywords = {insoluble mineral liq fertilizer magnesite source magnesium nutrient},
	isbn = {2168-0485},
	author = {Baltrusaitis, J. and Sviklas, A. M.}
}
@article {70,
	title = {Phase Composition of Aqueous Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN)-Zinc Nitrate Solutions for Sustainable Reuse of Zinc Containing Industrial Pigment Waste.},
	journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2015},
	note = {CAPLUS AN 2015:494326(Journal; Online Computer File)},
	pages = {950 - 958},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	abstract = {Sustainable metal recovery from waste is of utmost importance.  Zn is a micronutrient that is abundant in many industrial wastes.  In this work, the process of converting industrial white pigment waste into a Zn micronutrient contg. nitrogen fertilizers was developed utilizing an HNO3 extn. method.  For this purpose, soly. diagrams, polytherms, were constructed of the ternary CO(NH2)2-Zn(NO3)2-H2O and NH4NO3-Zn(NO3)2-H2O systems to det. the corresponding phase equil. and solid material chem. compn.  Complex salts contg. Zn and two and four urea mols. were obsd. and the catalytic Zn(NO3)2 effect was obsd. at the decompn. temp. of CO(NH2)2 during thermal anal.  Two cryst. phases of NH4NO3, namely III and IV, were obsd. and the corresponding transition temp. decreased with increasing Zn(NO3)2 concn. in soln.  Zn extn. in the form of sol. Zn(NO3)2 was performed from the white pigment industrial waste and optimal extn. parameters including HNO3 concn., stoichiometric amt. and temp. were detd.  These included a 60 {\textdegree}C soln. temp., 55\% HNO3 concn. and 140\% of stoichiometric HNO3 amt.  This agreed well with the reactive conditions currently used in nitrophosphate fertilizer prodn. potentially enabling direct prodn. of micronutrient contg. NP fertilizers without significant technol. modification.  Sensible compns. of UAN-28 and UAN-30 liq. fertilizers contg. Zn micronutrient from industrial grade compds. and pigment waste extd. Zn(NO3)2 were obtained and their physicochem. properties were measured. [on SciFinder(R)]},
	keywords = {zinc nitrate ammonium urea waste},
	isbn = {2168-0485},
	author = {Baltrusaitis, J. and Sviklas, A. M.}
}
@article {75,
	title = {Urea-Ammonium Nitrate Aqueous Solutions Containing Cu Micronutrient Obtained from Cable Manufacturing Solid Waste.},
	journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2015},
	note = {CAPLUS AN 2015:814157(Journal; Online Computer File)},
	pages = {1544 - 1550},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	abstract = {Sustainable metal recovery from waste and conversion into Cu-micronutrient-contg. N fertilizers was developed using the HNO3 extn. method.  For this purpose, soly. diagrams, i.e., polytherms, were constructed of the ternary CO(NH2)2-Cu(NO3)2-H2O and NH4NO3-Cu(NO3)2-H2O systems to det. the corresponding phase equil. and solid material chem. compn.  Cu extn. in the form of water-sol. Cu(NO3)2 was performed from the industrial Cu cable manufg. waste, using HNO3 concns. relevant to the industrial conditions (56-58\%) at a moderate temp. of 60{\textdegree}.  Waste dissoln. in aq. NH4NO3 solns. resulted in only partial dissoln. of <60\% after 30 min.  Processes of Cu and Zn micronutrient extn. from solid waste and integration into the existing NH4NO3 and nitrophosphate (NP and NPK) prodn. technologies is proposed via an addnl. HNO3 dissoln. step, combined with the solid unreacted residue removal. [on SciFinder(R)]},
	keywords = {urea ammonium nitrate copper micronutrient cable manufg solid waste},
	isbn = {2168-0485},
	author = {Baltrusaitis, J. and Sviklas, A. M.}
}
@article {87,
	title = {Liquid and Solid Compound Granulated Diurea Sulfate-Based Fertilizers for Sustainable Sulfur Source.},
	journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2014},
	note = {CAPLUS AN 2014:1542625(Journal; Online Computer File)},
	pages = {2477 - 2487},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	abstract = {Design and manuf. of high nitrogen content sulfur-contg. fertilizers is of crucial importance in sustainable food and energy crop prodn.  The availability of large elemental sulfur amts. in oil refining and natural gas processing facilities, in combination with decreasing sulfur deposition into soil from natural and anthropogenic sources in a bioavailable sulfate form, calls for innovative engineering solns. that bridge this gap via sustainable sulfur processing.  Diurea sulfate-based liq. and compd. solid granulated fertilizers were synthesized in this work, and their resulting physicochem. properties were detd.  First, phase compositional information on the 2CO(NH2)2{\textperiodcentered}H2SO4-CO(NH2)2-H2O ternary system was measured, and high nitrogen content, \~{}15:1 N:S ratio liq. fertilizer grades, were established.  Next, diurea sulfate granulation expts. using (i) dolomite, (ii) byproduct material after the phosphoric acid extractive prodn., CaSO4{\textperiodcentered}0.5H2O, and (iii) dolomite combined with diammonium phosphate, (NH4)2HPO4, and potassium chloride, KCl, were performed.  Using diurea sulfate, 16-16-16-5.5(S)-0.4(MgO)-0.6(CaO) compd. granulated fertilizers were successfully obtained, and time-resolved changes in their cryst. phase compn. during granule curing were monitored using XRD.  The granule crushing strength measured increased to 3.800 MPa within the 30 day storage thus resulting in high quality fertilizer material. [on SciFinder(R)]},
	keywords = {liq solid granule diurea sulfate fertilizer sulfur},
	isbn = {2168-0485},
	author = {Baltrusaitis, J. and Sviklas, A. M. and Galeckiene, J.}
}
