@article {242,
	title = {Design of a separation section in an ethanol-to-butanol process},
	journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},
	volume = {109},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018/2//},
	pages = {231 - 238},
	abstract = {AbstractA complete separation scheme has been designed for the effluent of a high-pressure ethanol-to-butanol catalytic reactor, producing 250,000 tonnes of n-butanol per year. The effluent contains water, hydrogen and a diverse range of C2-C4 oxygenates: unconverted ethanol, n-butanol, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, and acetal. Fundamental phase equilibrium relationships suggested use of conventional, extractive, and heterogeneous azeotropic distillation units to perform the separations. All reactor effluent species exit the separation process at mole purities of at least 99\%. Separation costs are estimated to range from 9.0 to 10.6 MJ/kg n-butanol, which is comparable with the separation costs of n-butanol obtained from established acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) separation process.
},
	isbn = {0961-9534},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096195341730452X},
	author = {Michaels, Wesley and Zhang, Hanyu and Luyben, William L. and Baltrusaitis, Jonas}
}
@article {210,
	title = {Design and control of a cryogenic multi-stage compression refrigeration process},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Research and Design},
	volume = {121},
	year = {2017},
	month = {2017/5//},
	pages = {360 - 367},
	abstract = {AbstractProviding refrigeration at very low cryogenic temperatures requires the use of several stages of compression refrigeration with progressively lower boiling point refrigerants in the various stages. The cascade of cycles ultimately rejects heat to cooling water, but the working fluid at each stage removes heat from a lower-temperature source and rejects this heat plus the compressor work in that stage to a higher-temperature sink. The design of these systems appears to be only qualitatively discussed in the literature, and no discussion of their plantwide dynamic control has been found.
This paper presents a quantitative design of a three-stage compression refrigeration process that uses methane, ethylene and propylene as the working refrigerant fluids in the three stages. Heat is removed in the condenser of a cryogenic distillation column separating carbon monoxide and methane. The bubble-point temperature of carbon monoxide at 13.9 bar is -158 {\textdegree}C. The distillation column condenser is cooled by evaporating boiling liquid methane at -163 {\textdegree}C. The second stage has an evaporator with boiling ethylene at -106.7 {\textdegree}C. The final stage has an evaporator with boiling propylene at -25.9 {\textdegree}C. An effective plantwide control structure is developed and tested.
},
	keywords = {Compression refrigeration, Compressor control, Multi-stage cycles, Refrigeration dynamic modeling},
	isbn = {0263-8762},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026387621730151X},
	author = {Johnson, Nicole and Baltrusaitis, Jonas and Luyben, William L.}
}
@article {67,
	title = {Methane Conversion to Syngas for Gas-to-Liquids (GTL): Is Sustainable CO2 Reuse via Dry Methane Reforming (DMR) Cost Competitive with SMR and ATR Processes?.},
	journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2015},
	note = {CAPLUS AN 2015:1273933(Journal; Online Computer File)},
	pages = {2100 - 2111},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	abstract = {Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and is obtained as a waste via burning various forms of fuels.  Syngas is an intermediate in large-scale long-chain hydrocarbon (C10-C20 alkanes and alcs.) prodn. processes via Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, typically to obtain high quality fuels.  Thus, it is of particular interest to engineer syngas prodn. processes for FT that can consume various combustion process waste CO2 in the process and thus partially contribute to the sustainable carbon neutral fuel synthesis.  In this work, a quant. economic comparison of five alternative processes is presented for the prodn. of synthesis gas with a hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide ratio of 2, which is suitable for feeding to the Fischer-Tropsch gas-to-liq. process.  Combinations of steam methane reforming (SMR), dry methane reforming (DMR), autothermal reforming (ATR) and reverse water gas shift (RWGS) are explored.  An amine absorber/stripper system is used for carbon dioxide removal.  The effects of the cost of natural gas and of liq. oxygen and the magnitude of a potential carbon tax are demonstrated.  With current prices of raw materials, the configuration with the lowest total annual cost (TAC) features a system composed of both SMR and DMR reactors. [on SciFinder(R)]},
	keywords = {autothermal steam dry reforming competitive, methane conversion syngas liq sustainable carbon dioxide reuse},
	isbn = {2168-0485},
	author = {Baltrusaitis, Jonas and Luyben, William L.}
}
