<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borcherding, Jennifer A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Haihan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caraballo, Juan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baltrusaitis, Jonas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pezzulo, Alejandro A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zabner, Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grassian, Vicki H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comellas, Alejandro P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coal fly ash impairs airway antimicrobial peptides and increases bacterial growth.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS One</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public Library of Science</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e57673</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1932-6203</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air pollution is a risk factor for respiratory infections, and one of its main components is particulate matter (PM), which is comprised of a no. of particles that contain iron, such as coal fly ash (CFA).  Since free iron concns. are extremely low in airway surface liq. (ASL), we hypothesize that CFA impairs antimicrobial peptides (AMP) function and can be a source of iron to bacteria.  We tested this hypothesis in vivo by instilling mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01) and CFA and det. the percentage of bacterial clearance.  In addn., we tested bacterial clearance in cell culture by exposing primary human airway epithelial cells to PA01 and CFA and detg. the AMP activity and bacterial growth in vitro.  We report that CFA is a bioavailable source of iron for bacteria.  We show that CFA interferes with bacterial clearance in vivo and in primary human airway epithelial cultures.  Also, we demonstrate that CFA inhibits AMP activity in vitro, which we propose as a mechanism of our cell culture and in vivo results.  Furthermore, PA01 uses CFA as an iron source with a direct correlation between CFA iron dissoln. and bacterial growth.  CFA concns. used are very relevant to human daily exposures, thus posing a potential public health risk for susceptible subjects.  Although CFA provides a source of bioavailable iron for bacteria, not all CFA particles have the same biol. effects, and their propensity for iron dissoln. is an important factor.  CFA impairs lung innate immune mechanisms of bacterial clearance, specifically AMP activity.  We expect that identifying the PM mechanisms of respiratory infections will translate into public health policies aimed at controlling, not only concn. of PM exposure, but physicochem. characteristics that will potentially cause respiratory infections in susceptible individuals and populations. [on SciFinder(R)]</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAPLUS AN 2013:396251(Journal; Online Computer File)</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Haihan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laskin, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baltrusaitis, Jonas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Christopher A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scherer, Michelle M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grassian, Vicki H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coal fly ash as iron source in atmospheric dust.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Science &amp; Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coal fly ash iron atm dust qual analysis aluminosilicate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Chemical Society</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2112 - 2120</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0013-936X</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthropogenic coal fly ash (FA) aerosol may represent a significant source of bioavailable iron in the open ocean.  Few measurements have been made that compare the soly. of atm. iron from anthropogenic aerosols and other sources.  We report here an investigation of iron dissoln. for three FA samples in acidic aq. solns. and compare the solubilities with that of Arizona test dust (AZTD), a ref. material for mineral dust.  The effects of pH, simulated cloud processing, and solar radiation on iron soly. have been explored.  Similar to previously reported results on mineral dust, iron in aluminosilicate phases provides the predominant component of dissolved iron.  Iron soly. of FA is substantially higher than of the cryst. minerals comprising AZTD.  Simulated atm. processing elevates iron soly. due to significant changes in the morphol. of aluminosilicate glass, a dominant material in FA particles.  Iron is continuously released into the aq. soln. as FA particles break up into smaller fragments.  These results suggest that the assessment of dissolved atm. iron deposition fluxes and their effect on the biogeochem. at the ocean surface should be constrained by the source, environmental pH, iron speciation, and solar radiation. [on SciFinder(R)]</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAPLUS AN 2012:79841(Journal; Online Computer File)</style></notes></record></records></xml>