| Title | Size-Dependent Changes in Sea Spray Aerosol Composition and Properties with Different Seawater Conditions. |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2013 |
| Journal | Environmental Science & Technology |
| Volume | 47 |
| Issue | 11 |
| Pagination | 5603 - 5612 |
| Authors | Ault, Andrew P., Ryan C. Moffet, Jonas Baltrusaitis, Douglas B. Collins, Matthew J. Ruppel, Luis A. Cuadra-Rodriguez, Defeng Zhao, Timothy L. Guasco, Carlena J. Ebben, Franz M. Geiger, Timothy H. Bertram, Kimberly A. Prather, and Vicki H. Grassian |
| Publisher | American Chemical Society |
| ISBN Number | 0013-936X |
| Keywords | size dependent change sea spray aerosol compn |
| Abstract | Much uncertainty exists regarding the chem. diversity of particles in sea spray aerosol (SSA) and the degree of mixing between inorg. and org. species in individual SSA particles. Single particle anal. of SSA particles was performed, integrating transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray anal. and scanning transmission x-ray microscopy with near edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, focusing on quantifying the relative fractions of different particle types from 30 nm to 1 μm. SSA particles were produced from seawater in a unique ocean/atm. facility equipped with breaking waves. Changes to SSA compn. and properties after adding biol. (bacteria, phytoplankton) and org. material (ZoBell growth media) were probed. Sub-micrometer SSA particles could be sepd. into 2 distinct populations: one with a characteristic sea-salt core composed primarily of NaCl and an org. C and Mg2+ coating (SS-OC); and a second type consisting of org. C (OC) species more homogeneously mixed with cations and anions, but not Cl-. SS-OC particles exhibited a range of sizes, compns., morphologies, and element distributions within each particle. Following addn. of biol. and org. material to seawater, a change occurred in particle morphol. and crystn. behavior assocd. with increasing org. content for SS-OC particles. The fraction of OC-type particles, mainly present at <180 nm, was dramatically enhanced with increased biol. activity. These changes with size and seawater compn. have important implications for atm. processes, e.g., cloud droplet activation and heterogeneous reactivity. [on SciFinder(R)] |